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dc.contributor.authorLanphear, BP
dc.contributor.authorHornung, R
dc.contributor.authorKhoury, J
dc.contributor.authorYolton, K
dc.contributor.authorBaghurstl, P
dc.contributor.authorBellinger, DC
dc.contributor.authorCanfield, RL
dc.contributor.authorDietrich, KN
dc.contributor.authorBornschein, R
dc.contributor.authorGreene, T
dc.contributor.authorRothenberg, SJ
dc.contributor.authorNeedleman, HL
dc.contributor.authorSchnaas, L
dc.contributor.authorWasserman, G
dc.contributor.authorGraziano, J
dc.contributor.authorRoberts, R
dc.date.accessioned2017-05-03T16:59:04Z
dc.date.available2017-05-03T16:59:04Z
dc.date.issued2005
dc.date.modified2009-12-07T03:34:21Z
dc.identifier.issn0091-6765
dc.identifier.doi10.1289/ehp.7688
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10072/27124
dc.description.abstractLead is a confirmed neurotoxin, but questions remain about lead-associated intellectual deficits at blood lead levels < 10 μg/dL and whether lower exposures are, for a given change in exposure, associated with greater deficits. The objective of this study was to examine the association of intelligence test scores and blood lead concentration, especially for children who had maximal measured blood lead levels < 10 μg/dL. We examined data collected from 1,333 children who participated in seven international population-based longitudinal cohort studies, followed from birth or infancy until 5–10 years of age. The full-scale IQ score was the primary outcome measure. The geometric mean blood lead concentration of the children peaked at 17.8 μg/dL and declined to 9.4 μg/dL by 5–7 years of age; 244 (18%) children had a maximal blood lead concentration < 10 μg/dL, and 103 (8%) had a maximal blood lead concentration < 7.5 μg/dL. After adjustment for covariates, we found an inverse relationship between blood lead concentration and IQ score. Using a log-linear model, we found a 6.9 IQ point decrement [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.2–9.4] associated with an increase in concurrent blood lead levels from 2.4 to 30 μg/dL. The estimated IQ point decrements associated with an increase in blood lead from 2.4 to 10 μg/dL, 10 to 20 μg/dL, and 20 to 30 μg/dL were 3.9 (95% CI, 2.4–5.3), 1.9 (95% CI, 1.2–2.6), and 1.1 (95% CI, 0.7–1.5), respectively. For a given increase in blood lead, the lead-associated intellectual decrement for children with a maximal blood lead level < 7.5 μg/dL was significantly greater than that observed for those with a maximal blood lead level ≥7.5 μg/dL (p = 0.015). We conclude that environmental lead exposure in children who have maximal blood lead levels < 7.5 μg/dL is associated with intellectual deficits.
dc.description.peerreviewedYes
dc.description.publicationstatusYes
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherU.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
dc.publisher.placeUSA
dc.relation.ispartofstudentpublicationN
dc.relation.ispartofpagefrom894
dc.relation.ispartofpageto899
dc.relation.ispartofissue7
dc.relation.ispartofjournalEnvironmental Health Perspectives
dc.relation.ispartofvolume113
dc.rights.retentionY
dc.subject.fieldofresearchEnvironmental sciences
dc.subject.fieldofresearchBiomedical and clinical sciences
dc.subject.fieldofresearchCommunity child health
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode41
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode32
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode420601
dc.titleLow-Level Environmental Lead Exposure and Children’s Intellectual Function: An International Pooled Analysis
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.descriptionC1 - Articles
dc.type.codeC - Journal Articles
gro.date.issued2005
gro.hasfulltextNo Full Text
gro.griffith.authorRoberts, Russell J.


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