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dc.contributor.authorCooper, JAG
dc.contributor.authorLemckert, C
dc.date.accessioned2017-05-03T13:28:21Z
dc.date.available2017-05-03T13:28:21Z
dc.date.issued2012
dc.date.modified2012-09-20T22:32:19Z
dc.identifier.issn0964-5691
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2012.04.001
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10072/46925
dc.description.abstractThe Gold Coast, Australia is a coastal resort city whose urban environment has evolved through a series of human interventions on the natural shoreline. Such cities rely on a perceived high quality environment which in turn is reliant on continuing maintenance (e.g. beach nourishment, inlet dredging, drainage). Climate change consequently holds particular challenges for coastal resort cities. Sea-level rise impacts are likely to be manifest in increased frequency of flooding and beach erosion episodes. Here we consider adaptation options for the city under various future sea-level rise (SLR) scenarios at the high end of current predictions for the next century (+1 m, +2 m and +5 m) with the proviso that the beach and waterways must be preserved to enable the city to continue to exist as a resort. We conclude that pre-planned adaptation would probably enable the city to survive SLR of 1 m. An unplanned response to the same SLR would likely be characterised by periodic crises, growing uncertainty and public unease and would have marginal chances of success. For a 2 m SLR we contend that even with an adaptation plan in place, the scale of measures required would severely stretch the city's resources. Under a 5 m SLR over the next century we do not believe that any amount of planning would enable the city to survive as a coastal resort. Any adaptation to SLR would involve increased cost to maintain the artificial coastal environment. Adaptation options are particularly constrained by the widespread development around the waterways of the back-barrier area. Unlike other coastal cities, resorts depend on a public perception of a high quality environment. Maintaining this perception under SLR imposes particular adaptation constraints on resort cities.
dc.description.peerreviewedYes
dc.description.publicationstatusYes
dc.languageEnglish
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.publisher.placeUnited Kingdom
dc.relation.ispartofstudentpublicationN
dc.relation.ispartofpagefrom1
dc.relation.ispartofpageto14
dc.relation.ispartofjournalOcean & Coastal Management
dc.relation.ispartofvolume64
dc.rights.retentionY
dc.subject.fieldofresearchEarth sciences
dc.subject.fieldofresearchNatural hazards
dc.subject.fieldofresearchEnvironmental sciences
dc.subject.fieldofresearchHuman society
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode37
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode370903
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode41
dc.subject.fieldofresearchcode44
dc.titleExtreme sea-level rise and adaptation options for coastal resort cities: A qualitative assessment from the Gold Coast, Australia
dc.typeJournal article
dc.type.descriptionC1 - Articles
dc.type.codeC - Journal Articles
gro.date.issued2012
gro.hasfulltextNo Full Text
gro.griffith.authorLemckert, Charles J.


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