Neutralizing Mutations of Carboxylates That Bind Metal 2 in T5 Flap Endonuclease Result in an Enzyme That Still Requires Two Metal Ions
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Author(s)
Tomlinson, Christopher G
Syson, Karl
Sengerova, Blanka
Atack, John M
Sayers, Jon R
Swanson, Linda
Tainer, John A
Williams, Nicholas H
Grasby, Jane A
Griffith University Author(s)
Year published
2011
Metadata
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Flap endonucleases (FENs) are divalent metal ion-dependent phosphodiesterases. Metallonucleases are often assigned a "two-metal ion mechanism" where both metals contact the scissile phosphate diester. The spacing of the two metal ions observed in T5FEN structures appears to preclude this mechanism. However, the overall reaction catalyzed by wild type (WT) T5FEN requires three Mg2+ ions, implying that a third ion is needed during catalysis, and so a two-metal ion mechanism remains possible. To investigate the positions of the ions required for chemistry, a mutant T5FEN was studied where metal 2 (M2) ligands are altered to ...
View more >Flap endonucleases (FENs) are divalent metal ion-dependent phosphodiesterases. Metallonucleases are often assigned a "two-metal ion mechanism" where both metals contact the scissile phosphate diester. The spacing of the two metal ions observed in T5FEN structures appears to preclude this mechanism. However, the overall reaction catalyzed by wild type (WT) T5FEN requires three Mg2+ ions, implying that a third ion is needed during catalysis, and so a two-metal ion mechanism remains possible. To investigate the positions of the ions required for chemistry, a mutant T5FEN was studied where metal 2 (M2) ligands are altered to eliminate this binding site. In contrast to WT T5FEN, the overall reaction catalyzed by D201I/D204S required two ions, but over the concentration range of Mg2+ tested, maximal rate data were fitted to a single binding isotherm. Calcium ions do not support FEN catalysis and inhibit the reactions supported by viable metal cofactors. To establish participation of ions in stabilization of enzyme-substrate complexes, dissociation constants of WT and D201I/D204S-substrate complexes were studied as a function of [Ca2+]. At pH 9.3 (maximal rate conditions), Ca2+ substantially stabilized both complexes. Inhibition of viable cofactor supported reactions of WT, and D201I/D204S T5FENs was biphasic with respect to Ca2+ and ultimately dependent on 1/[Ca2+]2. By varying the concentration of viable metal cofactor, Ca2+ ions were shown to inhibit competitively displacing two catalytic ions. Combined analyses imply that M2 is not involved in chemical catalysis but plays a role in substrate binding, and thus a two-metal ion mechanism is plausible.
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View more >Flap endonucleases (FENs) are divalent metal ion-dependent phosphodiesterases. Metallonucleases are often assigned a "two-metal ion mechanism" where both metals contact the scissile phosphate diester. The spacing of the two metal ions observed in T5FEN structures appears to preclude this mechanism. However, the overall reaction catalyzed by wild type (WT) T5FEN requires three Mg2+ ions, implying that a third ion is needed during catalysis, and so a two-metal ion mechanism remains possible. To investigate the positions of the ions required for chemistry, a mutant T5FEN was studied where metal 2 (M2) ligands are altered to eliminate this binding site. In contrast to WT T5FEN, the overall reaction catalyzed by D201I/D204S required two ions, but over the concentration range of Mg2+ tested, maximal rate data were fitted to a single binding isotherm. Calcium ions do not support FEN catalysis and inhibit the reactions supported by viable metal cofactors. To establish participation of ions in stabilization of enzyme-substrate complexes, dissociation constants of WT and D201I/D204S-substrate complexes were studied as a function of [Ca2+]. At pH 9.3 (maximal rate conditions), Ca2+ substantially stabilized both complexes. Inhibition of viable cofactor supported reactions of WT, and D201I/D204S T5FENs was biphasic with respect to Ca2+ and ultimately dependent on 1/[Ca2+]2. By varying the concentration of viable metal cofactor, Ca2+ ions were shown to inhibit competitively displacing two catalytic ions. Combined analyses imply that M2 is not involved in chemical catalysis but plays a role in substrate binding, and thus a two-metal ion mechanism is plausible.
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Journal Title
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Volume
286
Copyright Statement
This research was originally published in Journal of Biological Chemistry (JBC). Tomlinson et al, Neutralizing Mutations of Carboxylates That Bind Metal 2 in T5 Flap Endonuclease Result in an Enzyme That Still Requires Two Metal Ions, Journal of Biological Chemistry (JBC), 2011, Vol. 286, pp. 30878-30887. Copyright the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. This is the author-manuscript version of this paper. Reproduced in accordance with the copyright policy of the publisher. Please refer to the journal's website for access to the definitve version.
Subject
Chemical sciences
Biological sciences
Biochemistry and cell biology not elsewhere classified
Biomedical and clinical sciences